Uricase-the core of kidney disease medication

Uricase, also known as urate oxidase and cyclamic acid, is extracted from fermentation broths such as Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. It is off-white or brown-green crystals or bright transparent flakes at room temperature. The molecular weight is 9300. Almost insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alkaline buffer. The pH value is 6.3, and the enzyme activity is inhibited by cyanide. Uricase can catalyze the rapid oxidation of uric acid to eventually generate allantoic acid. It can be used to treat hyperuricemia caused by uric acid stones and renal failure. It is also used to determine the amount of uric acid in serum and urine.

Uricase can catalyze the rapid oxidation of uric acid into allantoic acid, which is no longer reabsorbed and excreted by the renal tubules, thereby reducing the content of uric acid in the plasma. For patients who cannot take oral inhibitors of uric acid production. It is effective for hyperuricemia caused by uric acid stones, nodular gout, leukemia, renal failure and other factors.

Uric acid is the final product of purine catabolism. The kidneys are excreted in urine. The content of uric acid in healthy adults is about 1.1g, of which about 15% is in the blood. After the uric acid in the blood is filtered by the glomerulus, most of it is reabsorbed by the renal tubules. Uric acid is one of the important components of non-protein nitrogen in plasma. In severe kidney damage, blood uric acid can increase significantly. However, there is little change in mild damage. Therefore, the determination of blood uric acid is a sensitive indicator for the diagnosis of severe renal impairment.

Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in birds, reptiles, and primates including humans, because the lack of molecular oxygen in these animals catalyzes the further decomposition of uric acid into allantoic cord, CO2 and uric acid as the human body The end product of purine metabolism is excreted by the kidneys. When the production of uric acid exceeds that of the kidneys, such as excessive purine-rich foods, leukemia and lymphoma and the rapid increase in purine metabolism caused by their chemotherapy processes; or when the kidneys are in a pathological state The normal production of uric acid is blocked. Both of these conditions can cause a significant increase in plasma uric acid and form hyperuricemia.

Increased blood uric acid:

1. Acute and chronic nephritis blood uric acid is significantly increased, and it is more significant than BUN and Cr, and appears earlier. Other advanced nephropathy, such as renal tuberculosis, pyelonephritis, hydronephrosis and other blood uric acid are also increased. Because of the greater influence of extrarenal factors, the degree of increase is not directly proportional to the degree of renal impairment

2. Gout is caused by nucleoprotein and purine metabolism disorder, blood uric acid>595μmol/L.

3. Leukemia, multiple myeloma, polycythemia vera, etc. increase blood uric acid due to increased nucleic acid metabolism and decomposition.

4. Others: chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, lead poisoning, eclampsia, pregnancy reactions, strenuous exercise, etc.

Decreased blood uric acid: less common, seen in pernicious anemia and celiac disease.

With the development of society, more and more enzyme preparations are used in the pharmaceutical industry, and their demand is also increasing. Desheng is a professional manufacturer of enzyme preparations. The raw materials of enzyme preparations are mainly used as the raw materials of test kits. It can provide uricase, α-glucosidase, glucose dehydrogenase and glucose oxidase, cholesterol oxidase, and purine nucleus. Glycoside phosphorylase, lactate dehydrogenase, acetyl-CoA and other enzyme preparation materials.