Desheng takes you to understand chemiluminescence immunoassay technology

Release time:

2020-09-26


Chemiluminescence, as its name implies, is the luminescence phenomenon produced by substances in the process of chemical reactions. In fact, this is the knowledge in high school physics. When a substance is in the process of a chemical reaction, its substance molecule absorbs chemical energy and transitions from one energy level to another energy level to release photons (that is, the substance molecule changes from the ground state under the action of energy). Become an excited state. After the energy is applied, the material molecules release light signals in the process of returning from the excited state to the ground state). In layman's terms, it's like setting off fireworks. After the firework is ignited, the substance inside burns. Under the action of a certain principle, a "firework ball" is ejected. Due to physical action, a large number of fireworks are released. We see that these fireworks released in the sky are like chemiluminescence phenomena. Photon".

Chemiluminescence immunoassay technology, as its name suggests, consists of two parts, namely the immune response system and the chemical method analysis system, which is an analysis technique that combines chemiluminescence and antigen-antibody reaction. It is currently the most widely used immunoassay in the domestic laboratory. analytical skills. That is, in the antigen-antibody specific reaction process, the light emission phenomenon is accompanied by the chemical reaction process.

Chemiluminescence reaction process

The chemiluminescence analysis system uses a chemiluminescent substance to be catalyzed by a catalyst and oxidized by an oxidant to form an excited state intermediate. When this excited state intermediate returns to a stable ground state, it emits photons (hM) at the same time, using luminescence The signal measuring instrument measures the light quantum yield. The immune response system is to directly label a luminescent substance on an antigen or antibody, or an enzyme to act on a luminescent substrate. Common chemiluminescent substrates include acridinium ester, luminol, isoluminol, etc., developed by desheng There are 6 kinds of acridinium ester series, namely DMAE-NHS, NSP-DMAE-NHS, NSP-SA, NSP-SA-NHS, NSP-SA-ADH, ME-DMAE-NHS.

The chemiluminescence phenomenon has already been discussed. Simply put, the intensity of the light signal is proportional to the concentration of the analyte. You may ask how the antigen-antibody reaction system is integrated. To give a simple example, it is like a successful blind date. A boy uses an intermediary to introduce a girl to a successful blind date, and then they get married and form a family. If boys are antigens and girls are antibodies, then the luminous intensity is the middleman of this introduction. The final result is the event of marriage, which is like the concentration of the analyte in our chemiluminescence. Therefore, everyone should also know that any immunoassay technology cannot be separated from the antigen-antibody reaction, but the antigen-antibody reaction alone cannot know the concentration of the test substance, just like the earliest enzyme-linked immunoassay technology can only qualitatively know the negative and A positive cannot be quantitatively analyzed. Because there is a lack of a relational expression for converting the concentration, and conversely speaking, if this relational expression is needed, it must rely on a certain methodology to generate this relational expression through an intermediate.

Since each R&D company has different R&D systems and technical patents, chemiluminescence instruments and chemiluminescence reagents are all supporting and closed systems. The structural design and working principles of the instruments of various manufacturers are different, but they are basically the same. . In fact, one of the chemiluminescence instruments is an incubation system for antigen-antibody reaction, and the other is a photoelectric system for collecting and calculating luminous intensity. The samples and reagents are mixed together by mechanical action, and then a series of processes such as reaction, calculation, result, report and so on are completed under the automatic action of the instrument. Desheng is a professional chemiluminescence reagent manufacturer. If you have other questions, please call Desheng Technology Professional customer service.