The relationship between vaccine and antigen antibody

Release time:

2020-09-11


Nucleic acid testing is a relatively extensive testing method at the initial stage of human infection with pathogens. After the patient is cured or after vaccination, antibody testing can be used to determine the human body's condition and immune status. Vaccines, like antigens, can make the human body produce specific immunity and produce antibodies.

Therefore, in the post-epidemic period, with the gradual advent of vaccines, there will be more and more antigen and antibody tests. Vaccines refer to biological products made with various pathogenic microorganisms for vaccination. They have the function of antigens to make the body produce antibodies and form immunity. It can be divided into live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, antitoxins, subunit vaccines (containing polypeptide vaccines), carrier vaccines, nucleic acid vaccines, and so on.

Vaccines are autoimmune preparations made of pathogenic microorganisms (such as bacteria, rickettsiae, viruses, etc.) and their metabolites through artificial attenuation, inactivation, or genetic modification, etc., to prevent infectious diseases. The vaccine retains the characteristics of pathogenic bacteria that stimulate the animal's immune system, but is not pathogenic.

Vaccine and antibody testing

The characteristics of the antigen used in antibody detection are different, and the results are different. The widely used antigen-antibody reactions are as follows:

Precipitation reaction: The combination of soluble antigen and antibody can form a larger insoluble immune complex when the ratio of the two is appropriate. Opaque precipitates appeared in the reaction system. Detection methods include ring precipitation test, one-way immunodiffusion test, immunoturbidimetric method, western blotting method (Western blotting), etc.

Agglutination reaction: Bacteria, red blood cells, or latex particles with antigen on the surface are all insoluble particle antigens. When combined with the corresponding antibody, the antigen and antibody combine to form agglomerates. Detection methods include direct agglutination, indirect agglutination, and antiglobulin test:

Complement participates in the antigen-antibody reaction: including hemolytic reaction (hemolytic assay),complement-mediated cytotoxicuty test (complement mediated cytotoxicuty test) and complement fixation test (complement fixation test).

When the outbreak occurred, neither the nucleic acid detection of the virus nor the antibody detection Desheng directly participated in it, but based on our original experience, it provided the virus sampling tube, virus transport medium, blood collection tube reagent, etc., required for the virus sampling link, for subsequent virus detection The convenience provided can also be regarded as providing a modest force for the fight against the epidemic.