How do doctors choose colorful blood collection tubes for inspection?

Release time:

2020-08-26


Every time we go to the hospital for a blood collection, you will find that there are many blood collection tubes of different colors, and the doctor will use different blood collection tubes for blood collection. There are many doubts, "Why do you need to divide a blood collection into several? Tubes?", "What do you want to check when you draw so many tubes of blood?" In fact, the colorful blood collection tubes contain different blood collection tube additives. Each blood collection tube has its own purpose, and the blood collection volume has different requirements. In response to such problems, Desheng will take you to understand the role of different blood collection tubes!

Red tube: (dry vacuum tube without additives)

Dry vacuum tube without additives, the inner wall of blood collection tube is evenly coated with agent (silicone oil) to prevent wall hanging. Use the principle of natural blood coagulation to coagulate blood. After the serum is naturally precipitated, it is centrifuged for use.

Mainly used for immunochemiluminescence projects, such as various tumor markers such as CEA, AFP, PSA, thyroid hormone, four items of anemia, Tang Si, six sex hormones, cortisol, insulin, C peptide, HIV, syphilis titer, serum Immunological testing. The blood collection volume generally requires 4-5ml

Yellow tube: (accelerating tube + separating glue)

The tube wall is siliconized and coated with a coagulant to accelerate blood coagulation and shorten the inspection time. Separating glue is added in the tube. The separating glue tube has good affinity and plays a role of isolation. Generally, even on ordinary centrifuges, the separating glue can completely separate and accumulate the liquid components (serum) and solid components (blood cells) in the blood. A barrier is formed in the test tube. After centrifugation, no oil droplets are produced in the serum, so the machine will not be blocked.

Mainly used for serum biochemistry (liver function, kidney function, myocardial enzymes, amylase, etc.), electrolytes (serum potassium, sodium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, etc.), thyroid function, drug testing, AIDS testing, tumor markers, PCR, TORCH, serum immunological testing, etc. The blood collection volume generally requires 4-5ml

Green tube: (heparin anticoagulation tube)

Blood collection tubes containing heparin sodium or heparin lithium. Heparin is a kind of mucopolysaccharide containing sulfuric acid group, with strong negative charge, and has the effect of strengthening antithrombin III inactivation of serine protease, thereby preventing the formation of thrombin. It also has a variety of anticoagulant effects such as preventing platelet aggregation.

Mainly used to detect liver function, kidney function, blood lipids, blood sugar, myocardial enzymes, CRP, immunoglobulin complement, amylase, BNP, CTNT, PCT, glycosylated hemoglobin, ketone bodies. The blood collection volume generally requires 4-5ml

Purple tube: (EDTANa2/EDTAK2)

EDTAK2 is commonly used as an anticoagulant in clinical blood cell analysis. It is suitable for all kinds of blood analyzers. It provides comprehensive and thoughtful protection for blood cells, especially for platelets. It effectively prevents blood platelets from accumulating, and protects the shape and volume of blood cells from being affected for a long time. The quantitative spray process makes It can be evenly dispersed on the tube wall and fully mixed with the blood sample.

Mainly used for blood routine, cross-matching and blood group identification, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), carboxyhemoglobin determination, reverse mixing 7-10 times. The blood collection volume generally requires 1-2ml

Blue tube: (contains sodium citrate anticoagulant)

Citrate in the tube chelates with calcium ions in the blood to act as an anticoagulant. The ratio of anticoagulant to blood sample is set at 1:9. The ratio is accurate to ensure the validity of the test results and avoid misdiagnosis, so blood samples are taken When testing the coagulation function, you must accurately collect 2ml of blood and shake it gently 8-10 times to mix it with the anticoagulant. Due to its low toxicity, sodium citrate is also used for blood preservation.

It is mainly used for the inspection of blood coagulation items, such as four, five or all items of blood coagulation. The blood sampling volume requires accurate sampling of 2ml blood to the mark

Black tube: (contains sodium citrate anticoagulant)

Citrate in the tube chelates with calcium ions in the blood to act as an anticoagulant. The ratio of anticoagulant to blood sample is set to 1:4, and it is required to accurately draw to the mark. Since the amount of blood collected is small, the negative pressure in the tube is relatively small, and the blood sampling time is relatively long. You should wait patiently until the blood stops flowing into the blood collection tube and mix 5-8 times. Make sure to mix the anticoagulant and blood thoroughly. Homogenization will cause hemolysis, coagulation or blood blisters, which will affect the test results.

When the proportion of anticoagulant is too high, the blood is diluted, which can speed up the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and vice versa, if it is too thick, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate will slow down.